How to grow broad beans at home
Broad beans are a nutritious and easy-to-grow legume suitable for home cultivation. Whether on your balcony, patio or small vegetable garden, broad beans can be grown easily. This article will introduce in detail how to grow broad beans, including seed selection, sowing, management, pest and disease control, and harvesting, to help you successfully grow broad beans at home.
1. Basic conditions for broad bean cultivation
Broad beans do not have high requirements for the growing environment, but in order to obtain a better harvest, you need to pay attention to the following points:
| Conditions | request |
|---|---|
| soil | Loose, fertile, well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5 |
| light | At least 6 hours of sunlight a day |
| temperature | Suitable growth temperature is 15-25℃, strong cold resistance |
| Moisture | Keep the soil moist and avoid standing water |
2. Selection and sowing of broad beans
1.Selection: Choose broad bean seeds that are plump and free from diseases and insect pests. Common varieties on the market include "Daqingpi", "Xiaobaipi", etc. You can choose the suitable variety according to the local climate.
2.Sowing time: Broad beans are suitable for sowing in autumn or early spring. Sowing can be done in October-November in the southern region, and March-April is recommended in the northern region.
3.Sowing method:
| steps | Operation |
|---|---|
| Soaking seeds | Soak the seeds in warm water for 12-24 hours to promote germination |
| sow | Sow 2-3 seeds per hole, with a depth of 3-5 cm, a row spacing of 30-40 cm, and a plant spacing of 20-30 cm. |
| Cover with soil | Cover lightly with soil and water thoroughly |
3. Daily management of broad beans
1.watering: During the growth period of broad beans, the soil needs to be kept moist, but water accumulation should be avoided. The flowering and pod-bearing stage requires a large amount of water, so the watering frequency can be increased appropriately.
2.fertilize: Broad beans do not have high fertilizer requirements. You can apply sufficient base fertilizer before sowing, and topdress phosphorus and potassium fertilizer once in the middle of growth.
| fertilization period | Fertilizer type | Dosage |
|---|---|---|
| Base fertilizer | decomposed organic fertilizer | 1000-1500 kg per mu |
| Top dressing | Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer | 10-15 kg per mu |
3.Weeding and loosening: Weed regularly to avoid weeds competing for nutrients. Loose soil can improve soil aeration and promote root growth.
4.Scaffold: Broad bean plants are tall and prone to lodging. It is recommended to set up a bracket during the middle growth period to prevent the plants from tilting.
4. Pest and disease control
Common diseases and insect pests of broad beans include aphids, pod borers, rust, etc., which need to be prevented and controlled in time.
| pests and diseases | Prevention and control methods |
|---|---|
| aphids | Spray soapy water or imidacloprid |
| Pod borer | Manual capture or spraying of Bacillus thuringiensis |
| Rust | Remove diseased leaves promptly and spray carbendazim |
5. Harvest and Storage
1.harvest time: Broad beans generally mature 90-120 days after sowing. Harvest when the pods are plump and dark in color.
2.Harvesting method: Pick the pods gently with your hands to avoid damaging the plant.
3.save: Fresh broad beans can be stored in the refrigerator for 3-5 days. If long-term storage is required, the beans can be peeled out and frozen or sun-dried.
6. Precautions for planting broad beans
1. Avoid continuous cropping: Broad beans should not be planted continuously in the same plot. It is recommended to rotate other crops.
2. Timely topping: When the plant grows too tall, the top buds can be removed to promote the development of side branches.
3. Observe the weather: Avoid heavy rain or extreme weather causing damage to plants.
By following the above steps, you can easily grow broad beans at home and enjoy the joy of a bumper harvest. Broad beans are not only rich in nutrients, but they can also add healthy ingredients to the family table. Come and try them!
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